> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://cloud.nyquist.eu/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://cloud.nyquist.eu/oci/oci-storage/oci-object-storage.md).

# OCI Object Storage

## Object Storage

Object Storage features:

* Storage consistency = always serve the most recent copy of the data.
* Highly Durable = Data is stored redundantly acrross multiple ADs. Data integrity is monitored and auto-repaired
* Object size can be up to 10 TB
* Data is stored as objects.
* Encryption: Data is encrypted at rest and while in transit.
* Regional service, not tied to a specific compute instance.
* Offers 2 different storage clases (Tiers):
  * Hot Storage - for frequently accessed objects
  * Cold Storage - for less frequent access (archive)
* private access from OCI infrastructure using the Service Gateway
* cross-regional copy, pre-authenticated requests, lifecycle rules, multi-part upload.

### Resources

Object = All data is managed as objects. Each object is composed of the object itself and metadata of the object

Bucket = A logical container for storing objects. Each object is stored in a bucket.

Namespace = Top level container for all buckets and objects. Each tenancy is provided a unique namespace that is global, spanning compartments and regions. Since the namespace is unique, buckets names must be unique within a tenancy. In a namespace, the hierarchy is flat but you can simulate a directory structure using prefixes.

### Object Storage Tiers

#### Standard Storage Tier (Hot)

* Fast, immediate and frequent access
* ObjectStorage Service always serves the most recent copy
* Data retrieval is instantaneous
* Standard buckets can't be downgraded to archive storage.

#### Archive Storage Tier (Cold)

* For rarely accessed data
* Minimum retention requirement: 90 days
* Objects need to be restored before downloaded. Time to 1st byte after restore request: 4 Hours
* Archives can't be upgraded to Standard Storage.

### Hierarchy

URL format: `https://objectstorage.<REGION>.oraclecloud.com/n/<NAMESPACE>/b/<BUCKET>/o/[<PREFIX>/]<OBJECT_NAME>`

* To simulate a hierarchy you can optionally add PREFIX valuues.PREFIX can also include '/' character but PREFIX1/PREFIX2 is not included in PREFIX1.
* You can run operations (delete, download) at the prefix level.

### Cross-regional Copy

* Allows you to copy objects to other buckets in the region or to the buckets in other regions.
* IAM authorization for the service is needed: `Allow Service ObjectStorage-us-ashburn-1 to manage object-family in tenancy`
* You must specify an existing target bucket
* Bulk copying is not supported
* Objects can't be copied from Archive Storage

### Lifecycle Management

* Define rules to auto archive/melete objects after a number of days
* ObjectService in your region must have IAM authorization to manage object-family
* If applied at bucket or prefix level, it applies to all objects.
* Delete rules always takes precedence over an archive rule.

### Access Management

#### Pre-authenticated requests

* Creates unique URLs for buckets or objects.
* Links can be revoked at any time.

#### Public buckets

* Allow anonymous access to objects in the bucket.

### Multi-part Uploads

* A big file can be split into multiple parts in order to make use of parallel uploads and reduce the total upload time.
* You can have up to 10000 parts and the size of one part can range from 10MB to 50GB.
* The upload can only be initiated via a REST API call.
* The upload must be commited when done.